Rural public spaces play a crucial role in the daily lives of rural residents, affecting social interactions, cultural inheritance, and the overall development of rural areas. However, previous research on the spatial characteristics of rural public spaces in this region has been relatively limited. This study focuses on the in-depth exploration of the structure and accessibility of rural public spaces in the Pearl River Delta region, using the Nantang School in Zhongshan City as a case study and applying the space syntax method. The results show that the structure of the rural public space in the Nantang School area has its unique characteristics. The spatial integration values are unevenly distributed, with some areas having high integration, indicating that they are more accessible and likely to attract more people. These areas are often the core of social activities. On the other hand, some areas with low integration are relatively isolated, which may limit their usage and interaction potential.