Recent years have seen an increase in interest in artificial intelligence policy, and this has examined the economics of AI, security, sociology and military strategy among other areas; machine consciousness has often been relegated to discussions in abstruse academic journals and online discussion boards. The recent regulatory discussions in the European Union as well as the regulatory principles discussed by UNESCO and the OECD do not address machine consciousness. At present, we do not even have a reliable framework for assessing when and if an AI machine could become conscious; indeed, we do not have a sound explanation or understanding of consciousness in general. In this chapter, the author goes through the main theories of consciousness and examines their applicability to AI. Following this, methods for testing whether AI is conscious are discussed. Finally, the author talks through some different approaches to regulation, as well as the ethical, legal and philosophical issues surrounding conscious AI.