The Socio-Economic Impact of Artificial Intelligence and the Role of Policy
摘要
This chapter examines how the development of artificial intelligence (AI), when primarily driven by profit maximization and geopolitical competition, risks leading to high technological concentration, stifling innovation, and deepening inequalities. It analyzes the socio-economic and incentive structures that shape AI, revealing how current market dynamics tend to prioritize speed and scale over equity, sustainability, and inclusion. Drawing on UNESCO’s Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and the Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM) implemented in more than 80 countries as well as the OECD Principles on AI, the chapter highlights how policy choices and institutional capacities determine whether AI contributes to or undermines human development.