Vestibular migraine is a common yet historically underrecognized neurological disorder characterized by recurrent vestibular symptoms in individuals with a history of migraine. Affecting approximately 1% of the population, it represents the most frequent cause of episodic vertigo in adults and children. Clinical manifestations are highly variable, ranging from brief vertigo episodes to prolonged dizziness, often accompanied by migraine features such as photophobia, phonophobia, or aura. Although the precise pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, proposed mechanisms involve trigeminovascular activation, cortical spreading depression, and abnormal sensory integration within thalamocortical networks. Genetic and hormonal influences also contribute to susceptibility. Diagnosis relies on consensus criteria established by the Bárány Society and International Headache Society, emphasizing recurrent vestibular symptoms with migraine associations. Treatment remains individualized, combining lifestyle modifications, vestibular rehabilitation, and pharmacologic prophylaxis. While evidence from large randomized trials is limited, current strategies can significantly reduce attack burden and improve patient quality of life.