This study examines the factors that influence the use of autonomous vehicles (AVs) on traditional road infrastructure in the Western Cape, with a focus on AV compatibility with existing infrastructure. The Diffusion of Innovations Theory serves as a conceptual framework for assessing the potential and challenges of AV implementation. A qualitative approach was employed through semi-structured interviews with experts from the Departments of Mobility, Infrastructure, and Environmental Affairs in the Western Cape. A thematic analysis of the interviews indicates that the Western Cape’s paved roads are mostly suitable for AV implementation. However, some adaptation would be necessary in rural areas with gravel roads and limited connectivity. Findings indicate that environmental and economic factors, such as funding limitations and public purchasing preferences, negatively influence AV adoption. Political advantage, however, may positively influence the diffusion process. Surprisingly, the study suggests that AVs may need to adapt to existing road infrastructure rather than vice versa, which contrasts with the established literature on AV implementation in developed regions.