This chapter examines the effectiveness of socially responsible investing (SRI) by summarising the resultsResults of academic research and practical observations of the market, paying particular attention to global capital markets and the developing Polish context. Although SRI is gaining global traction, empirical evidence of its effectiveness is inconclusive. Studies have reported positive, neutral and negative correlations between ESG integration and financial performanceFinancial performance. In the Polish market, which is still in the early stages of SRI development, research similarly yields mixed results. These results reflect structural limitations, such as a lack of ESG-compliant assets, as well as low investor awareness. Nevertheless, the RESPECT Index is one example of how SRI can outperform traditional benchmarks under certain conditions. The chapter concludes that, despite existing challenges, the importance of SRI is likely to grow in response to EU regulatory pressure, global sustainability challenges and technological advancements. Realising the full potential of SRI in Poland and beyond will depend on improved ESG dataESG data quality, investor education and supportive legal frameworks.