The methodological imperative in cultural psychology is the microgenetic focus—every phenomenon that is investigated needs to be accessed in the process of its emergence. This is a radical methodological move from the traditional ontological stance (“X exists, and we depict its being”) to a systematically developmental perspective (“X can come into existence only through the process of emergence, which we analyze”). The microgenetic level of emergence is at the base of the hierarchical layering of the processes of MICROGENESIS–MESOGENESIS–ONTOGENESIS. Here we look at the ways in which this framework is translated into concrete methods in cultural psychology. This brings with it further conditions we need to take into account—the microgenetic process is guided by the invention, use, maintenance, and abandonment of signs. The emergence is a guided process where agency, intentionality, and goals-creation have their prominent roles. Microgenesis in cultural psychology is dynamic semiosis at the encounter of the person with the world in the present moment—as the irreversible time pushes its imperatives on us. Methods are co-determined by the phenomena on the one side, and the thinking along the lines of axioms-to-theories (within the Methodology Cycle—Chap. 10 ). Empirical investigation is relevant only in those junctions where these lines of thinking meet. Phenomena need to remain visible in the research process, while some aspects of them are necessarily lost in generalization. Yet that loss allows a clearer view of that part of the phenomena that the researcher wants to study.