Parental involvement profoundly shapes children’s academic achievement and employability, yet its long-term impact on labor market outcomes remains underexplored, particularly in diverse socio-economic and cultural contexts. This study leverages secondary data from OECD PISA 2022, ILO 2023, and U.S. NLSY97 to investigate how family support influences educational and workforce success, with a focus on India’s competitive academic environment. Grounded in Epstein’s (2010) Six Types of Involvement and Becker’s (1993) human capital theory, regression analyses demonstrate that parental engagement, particularly home-based learning, strongly predicts academic success (β = 0.42, p < 0.001) and indirectly enhances employability through skill development. Socio-economic status (SES) moderates these effects, with low-SES students benefiting more from targeted parental support. Qualitative insights, such as themes of “supportive guidance,” reveal mechanisms like structured study routines and career mentoring. Findings underscore the need for balanced parental engagement to optimize outcomes, especially in India, where excessive academic pressure can reduce student autonomy and resilience. This study informs educational policies and human resource strategies by advocating for parent training programs and workplace initiatives leveraging family-derived social capital to foster equitable workforce development.