This chapter is dedicated to the results of experimental and clinical applications of short peptides developed by the outstanding scientist and founder of the theory of peptide regulation of aging, Professor Vladimir Khavinson. In recent years, the key role of short peptides in maintaining the body’s homeostasis has been demonstrated. Long-term experimental studies have shown that Khavinson’s peptides®, by regulating gene expression, possess high biological activity. The use of pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements based on Khavinson peptides® increases both the average and maximum lifespan of experimental animals, reduces the incidence of malignant tumors, contributes to the elongation of telomeres, and restores the functions of the immune and endocrine systems. According to a 15-year study, this leads to a statistically significant reduction in mortality among people who regularly received peptides.