Geomechanical Characterization of Soils for Bearing Capacity Assessment in the Belén Sector, Loja (Ecuador): Implications for Urban Development
摘要
This study presents a geotechnical and lithological characterization of the 4T polygon within the Belén sector in Loja, Ecuador, aimed at evaluating its suitability for urban development. The investigation utilized geological surveys, lithological mapping, and field sampling, complemented by four Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) to analyze subsurface conditions. Laboratory testing, including granulometric analysis, Atterberg limits, and classification under SUCS and AASHTO systems, provided a detailed understanding of the soil behavior. The study identified three predominant lithologies—clays, conglomerates, and sandstone-clay-conglomerate sequences—and computed allowable bearing capacities ranging from 11.00 to 12.60 Tn/m2. The application of Terzaghi’s bearing capacity theory confirmed that the site is generally suitable for the construction of up to three-story buildings without the need for major soil improvements. The outcomes include a thematic map integrating lithological and mechanical characteristics to delineate construction feasibility zones. These results contribute to local planning strategies and highlight the importance of integrating geotechnical studies in early stages of urban expansion projects in seismically active regions.