This chapter synthesizes the key insights from the book’s exploration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education through a systems perspective, emphasizing the unique challenges and contexts of the Global South. The chapter cautions against uncritical techno-optimism and highlights that the promise of AI in education must be understood within the broader social and infrastructural conditions that shape educational ecosystems—including persistent inequalities, resource limitations, and varied governance capacities. Despite AI’s potential to personalize learning, automate assessments, and enhance teacher professional development, most applications thus far have been incremental rather than transformative, often deepening existing divides by favoring privileged, high-resource schools and not sufficiently reaching marginalized learners. Crucially, the chapter underscores that AI integration must be context-sensitive, inclusive, and ethically guided, with equity, transparency, and participation at its core. Many AI initiatives to date focus on automating existing processes or bolstering foundational literacies but fall short in fostering critical twenty-first-century skills or enabling curriculum and governance reforms that empower student and teacher agency. Moreover, the proliferation of digital data and the rise of commercial AI solutions raise ethical concerns around privacy, algorithmic bias, cultural relevance, and the public good. The chapter makes a case for collective action: policymakers should anchor AI strategies in broader educational purposes, prioritize capacity building, and safeguard equity; practitioners must approach AI critically and creatively; developers need to design for diversity and openness; and funders should promote ethical practices and South-South learning exchanges. Looking forward, the chapter highlights crucial research and practical questions around scaling inclusive AI-driven education, building broad-based AI literacy, and creating governance models that promote transparency and accountability. The concluding message is clear: technology alone cannot deliver meaningful change. Transformation demands systemic integration, continual ethical vigilance, stakeholder collaboration, and above all, a steadfast commitment to justice, dignity, and the holistic development of every learner. Only by placing human values at the forefront can the educational promise of AI in the Global South become a tool for genuine and sustainable transformation.