Informed consent for the use of AI in health care is controversial as some AI may operate behind the scenes or seem removed from patient care. This chapter describes the inner workings of AI, providing readers with some background on how AI works and some helpful heuristics for AI ethicists in the healthcare space. It provides some dichotomies (not too rigid or binary) for understanding AI tools: explainable or black box; programmed or machine learning; generative or non-generative; and “big data” versus curated or institutionally collected datasets.