This chapter examines Yalom’s four ‘existential givens’—death, isolation, freedom and meaninglessness—in relation to a suspicious death of a skydiver. Previous research on voluntary risk-taking and extreme sports has indicated the importance of trust, solidarity and belonging in creating forms of ‘communitas’ through social relations and bonds between members. This can provide a protective sense of ontological security and collective identity. However, dramatic events can radically disturb this, shattering the ‘assumptive world’ of taken-for-granted beliefs and values. We will discuss how the uncertain circumstances of this incident led the skydivers to reflect upon each of the four givens: by confronting mortality, freely choosing whom to trust, questioning the strength of the imagined community, and trying to find meaning amidst disorder and chaos. Finally, we show the resilience of the interactional bonds that were repaired and their necessity for recovering a lost assumptive world.

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Death at the Drop Zone: Existential Givens and a Lost Assumptive World

  • James Hardie-Bick,
  • Susie Scott

摘要

This chapter examines Yalom’s four ‘existential givens’—death, isolation, freedom and meaninglessness—in relation to a suspicious death of a skydiver. Previous research on voluntary risk-taking and extreme sports has indicated the importance of trust, solidarity and belonging in creating forms of ‘communitas’ through social relations and bonds between members. This can provide a protective sense of ontological security and collective identity. However, dramatic events can radically disturb this, shattering the ‘assumptive world’ of taken-for-granted beliefs and values. We will discuss how the uncertain circumstances of this incident led the skydivers to reflect upon each of the four givens: by confronting mortality, freely choosing whom to trust, questioning the strength of the imagined community, and trying to find meaning amidst disorder and chaos. Finally, we show the resilience of the interactional bonds that were repaired and their necessity for recovering a lost assumptive world.