The production activities of agriculture and allied sectors are increasingly focusing on nutritional security after achieving food security, with the capacity to export food grains (referred to elsewhere as food resilience). The increase in agricultural production is an indication of the prospects of the agriculture sector to achieve nutritional security. In addition to that, policy support through the release of biofortified varieties and different schemes and programmes for health care and alleviating malnutrition has additive and synergistic effects on agricultural activities intended to achieve nutritional security. These attempts were conditioned and constrained by the widespread problem of malnutrition, hidden hunger, the disparity in distribution, non-availability of nutritious food in the diet and low purchasing power. Presently two billion people are affected by hidden hunger; while nearly half of the world's population affected by micronutrient deficiency lives in India. Children and women are the groups most affected by malnutrition. The trade-off between prospects and constraints for nutritional security will be achieved through nexus-based attempts (soil–plant-animal-human being). This chapter aims to discuss the status of malnutrition and different biases of nutritional security (resource, development and knowledge bias) to highlight their potential to contribute to the alleviation of the problem of food security. The nexus of soil–plant-animal-human beings is elaborated in this review, with their condition and potential towards achieving nutritional security being highlighted. Being the ultimate source, the soil needs to be conserved, utilized as per capabilities, and restored for the benefit of future generations, with the adoption of interventions that contribute to both its conservation and prevention of degradation. The implementation and evaluation of nutrient-sensitive agricultural practices (input provision and services), interventions in post-harvest processing (value addition), attention to the nutritional quality of produce from farm to consumer plate, and the delivery of food to targeted population, need to be attended. Besides that, interventions in animal-based enterprises (upgrading the quality of breeds, feed and supplementation, product diversity, product preservation, and value addition) are reported to have significant impacts on catering to nutritional needs and preventing malnutrition. The capacity building for household production of nutritional foods (nutritional and kitchen gardens, backyard poultry, vertical farming, terrace farming), awareness and access to quality foods, identification of malnourished sections and effective implementation of diet diversification, supplementation and medication, are all needed.