This study investigates influential aspects of immigrant entrepreneurship to construct future research agendas and identify key factors influencing Syrian immigrant entrepreneurs. Utilizing a bibliometric analysis of 761 studies from the Scopus Database (1983–2024), crucial themes were identified, including entrepreneurial intentions, challenges, opportunities, social, financial, and human capital, gender dynamics, and innovation. These themes are particularly relevant in understanding the complex interplay of social, economic, and institutional factors that define immigrant entrepreneurs’ mixed embeddedness. The analysis also established “Syrian Refugees” as a prominent research theme. To address the underexplored nuances of Syrian refugee entrepreneurs, a subsequent systematic literature review was conducted. This review, integrating 32 articles from Scopus and 8 unique articles from Web of Science, examined Syrian immigrant entrepreneurs’ experiences through the lens of the identified themes to spotlight their distinct obstacles and prospects. While acknowledging potential limitations from keyword or database selection, this study offers significant theoretical and practical implications. It contributes a comprehensive view of determinants, challenges, opportunities, and innovation in immigrant entrepreneurship, emphasizing the increasing importance of focused research on Syrian refugee entrepreneurs for improved support and policy formulation.