Social cognition is a complex area of human development involving cognitive processes that contribute to how humans interact in the social world. Some ways in which humans develop social cognition include eye gaze, joint attention, and imitation. These skills contribute to larger domains of social cognition such as empathy, theory of mind, or attributional bias. However, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often lacking these skills and this deficit is apparent at an early age ultimately resulting in social-communication deficits that are characteristic of the disorder. The current chapter provides an overview of social cognition as it presents in ASD, assessment of social cognitive skills, and effective treatments to increase social cognitive skills.