Despite being a major contributor to global oil and gas production, the Mesozoic reservoirs contribute only about 3% of India’s oil and gas output. The Kutch Basin, off the coast of Gujarat, holds significant potential to become a key area for Mesozoic exploration and production in India. Hydrocarbon exploration history the basin includes more than 70 wells, with around 20 wells drilled till Mesozoic resulting more than 20 hydrocarbon discoveries at multiple stratigraphic levels, from the Jurassic to the Miocene reservoirs. The Mesozoic sediments in the basin have undergone various phases of tectonic activities, including the India-East Africa rifting throughout the Mesozoic and India-Seychelles rifting during the Paleocene. The region was also impacted by the Late Oligocene plate readjustment and the Miocene compression due to the Himalayan orogeny. Post-Miocene continued compression reactivated few rift faults as strike-slip faults, creating inverted structures within the Mesozoic and Cenozoic levels-which are proven traps in the basin.However, presence of Deccan basalt at Mesozoic-Cenozoic boundary represents a significant challenge for effective exploration of underlying Mesozoic reservoir.  Recent advancements in geophysical data acquisition and drilling technologies have improved the understanding of Mesozoic geology, highlighting new exploration opportunities. The Kutch basin hosts several potential source rocks, particularly within Jurassic and Cretaceous sequences, with organic-rich shales exhibiting good to excellent hydrocarbon generation potential. Reservoir rocks include Jurassic and Cretaceous sandstones with favorable porosity and permeability characteristics. The basin features a variety of structural and stratigraphic traps, with effective sealing mechanisms provided by intraformational shales. Despite challenges such as complex tectonics, heterogeneous reservoirs, thick basalt layer and high exploration costs, there is significant hydrocarbon potential yet to be explored. Advances in seismic imaging, drilling technologies, and strategic exploration approaches, emphasizing integrated geophysical surveys, risk mitigation, and innovative drilling and infrastructure development synergies, are essential for unlocking the full potential of the Kutch basin’s promising Mesozoic hydrocarbon resources.