In this paper we discuss the extant writings of the French medieval thinker Nicholas of Autrecourt. We analyse his definition of contradiction, his discussion about the principle of non-contradiction, and his notion of valid inference. We argue that he did not accept the validity of ex falso sequitur quodlibet and can be considered a paraconsistentist in the present-day broad sense. Since Autrecourt is not well-known among contemporary logicians and philosophers, we also present some brief historical notes about his life and about the process of ecclesiastical censorship moved against him by the papacy, which condemned him to publicly burn his works.