Radioembolization, a targeted liver cancer treatment, is emerging as a novel approach in promoting liver regeneration. Traditionally used in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases, this procedure involves the delivery of radioactive microspheres directly to the tumor via the hepatic artery, resulting in localized radiation and embolization. Recent studies suggest that the therapeutic effects of radioembolization extend beyond tumor control, with potential benefits in enhancing liver regeneration. The controlled ischemia induced by the embolization process can stimulate hepatocyte proliferation, thereby aiding in liver tissue recovery and regeneration, particularly in patients with cirrhosis or post-resection liver insufficiency. Additionally, the immune modulation triggered by the radioembolization process may further support liver recovery. This emerging concept positions radioembolization as a dual-purpose therapy—both as an antitumor intervention and as a means to promote hepatic regeneration, offering a promising strategy for patients with compromised liver function. However, further clinical trials are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms, optimal treatment protocols, and long-term outcomes associated with this approach.