The industrial sector is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, responsible for nearly 24% of direct anthropogenic emissions in 2019. This percentage include emissions from various sub-sectors within the broader industrial category, including fossil fuels burned on-site at facilities for energy. Chemical processes, metallurgical and mineral transformation processes. This chapter explore challenges and opportunities in reducing the industrial carbon footprint, focusing on heavy industries like steel, plastics, and cement, which contribute significantly to these emissions. While energy efficiency remains crucial, achieving near-zero emissions requires transformational changes in energy and feedstock sourcing, material efficiency, and circular material flows. The chapter explores strategies such as switching to low- or zero-GHG energy carriers, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) and carbon capture and storage (CCS). It also discusses the importance of material demand management, material efficiency, and circular economy solutions. The chapter highlights the need for substantial scaling up of infrastructure for electricity, hydrogen, recycling, and CO2, as well as the phase-out or conversion of existing industrial plants. Finally, policy interventions and technological advancements for achieving significant cuts in industrial GHG emissions are examined.