Fluoride contamination in the aquifers of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) stems from geological, climatological, and anthropogenic factors. Extensive use of fluoride contaminated groundwater for irrigation in the agriculture intensive arable lands of the Indo-Gangetic plains coupled with anthropogenic factors like utilization of fluoride contaminated phosphatic fertilizers results in increased levels of fluoride complexes in the top soils. Long-term exposure of crops cultivated in these areas results in uptake and bioaccumulation of fluoride in the food chain of the region and the country at large. The current research examines the various pathways through which fluoride is being transferred to the food chain through cereals, fruits, leafy, and non-leafy vegetables along with their by-products resulting in dental and skeletal fluorosis and associated afflictions in the exposed population. The research further examines the available solutions to the growing problem which involve a combination of various measures categorized into optimum water and crop management, biological approaches in plant breeding and molecular biology, and government policy level interventions.