Biomaterials (both synthetic and biologically derived) are widely used in the repair of pelvic organ prolapse (prolapse), with roles in many nonsurgical and surgical solutions. This chapter will provide a comprehensive overview of both established and experimental biomaterials, beginning with those used in nonsurgical management such as pessaries, followed by those used in surgical interventions, for example, synthetic meshes and biologic grafts. Particular attention will be given to how specific properties of synthetic meshes, including textile properties, structural properties, and mechanical behavior, influence the host response, as well as how this response can be modulated using coatings and therapeutic agents. Additionally, we will discuss the challenges associated with absorbable synthetic meshes relative to traditional permanent synthetic meshes. We will provide insights into biologic grafts, a reemerging area in prolapse repairs, and discuss the strengths and limitations of various experimental, biologic materials. Finally, we will identify opportunities for innovation in future biomaterial development for prolapse repairs.