National Adaptation Plans: An Assessment of the Climate, Human (Im)Mobility, and Health Nexus
摘要
This chapter assesses 31 National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) available in English regarding their integration of the climate, human (im)mobility, and health (climobhealth) nexus. NAPs are comprehensive strategies developed by least developed and developing nations to address medium and long-term adaptation needs. Based on a qualitative text analysis, a total of 66 references across 13 National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) were identified, indicating the integration of the climobhealth nexus into 41% of the analyzed NAPs. Furthermore, 11 categories of connections between the nexus elements are identified and described. Furthermore, strategies referenced in NAPs to address the nexus are categorized. Additionally, given its frequent association with the discussed nexus, conflict was identified as an additional risk multiplier when it comes to climate, human (im)mobility, and health. Based on this assessment, the following three gaps are identified: (1) the lack of attention to human immobility; (2) the absence of concrete strategies to address adverse outcomes arising from the nexus; and (3) limited depth of the direct and indirect connections between all three elements of the nexus. Understanding the intricate relationship between climate, human (im)mobility, and health is essential for developing well-informed policies that comprehensively tackle the issues brought about by climate change. When the aforementioned nexus is well-integrated into national climate policies such as NAPs, these mechanisms can play an essential role in supporting people on the move as well as individuals left behind by contributing to adaptive strategies, resilience-building, and measures to address climate-induced loss and damage.