The impact of environmental regulation on green technology innovation remains a contentious topic, especially in developing countries. Despite substantial attention from both academia and government, a unified conclusion has yet to be reached since the onset of this research. This study was based on the extensive collection of CSSCI journals from the CNKI database, with a focus on research relevant to the topic. Citespace software was employed to conduct a statistical analysis of the existing literature from 2013 to 2023, systematically organizing and synthesizing the findings to offer valuable insights into future theoretical research and practical exploration. The study reveals notable diversity in research methodologies, themes, and subjects, with a range of factors influencing the relationship between environmental regulation and green technology innovation. Consequently, a cohesive research framework has yet to be established. Through data visualization analysis, the study identifies key research hotspots and trends over the past decade and proposes recommendations for future research directions.