The global demand for seafood continues to increase, driven by consumer preferences for nutritious, protein-rich food sources. Aquaculture has emerged as the fastest-growing food production sector, surpassing capture fisheries in aquatic animal production. This chapter explores the critical role of traceability in enhancing the efficiency, sustainability, and transparency of aquaculture supply chains. It discusses the integration of digital traceability systems, which provide accurate and transparent data throughout the supply chain, thereby meeting regulatory requirements and consumer demands for detailed product information. The chapter also examines the challenges and benefits of implementing traceability solutions, including the use of blockchain technology to ensure data integrity and combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing. Case studies highlight successful applications of traceability in aquaculture, demonstrating improvements in operational efficiency, product quality, and consumer trust. The findings underscore the importance of traceability as a strategic tool for achieving sustainability and competitiveness in the global seafood market.