Performance measurement in sustainable supply chains has become increasingly relevant due to the growing imperative to embed sustainability principles into business operations. This approach not only enhances collective efficiency but also addresses the environmental and social impacts inherent in supply chain processes. The purpose of the study is twofold: first, to conduct a bibliometric analysis aimed at identifying emerging trends in the performance measurement of these chains, with a particular focus on the transition of new models. Second, to examine the geographical distribution of these key approaches. Both analyses are based on data obtained from the Scopus database, covering the past 10 years. For information processing, Excel was used, while VOSviewer was employed for visualizing and analyzing co-occurrence networks of key terms; and Datawrapper for creating geographic visualizations. The results provide a foundation for future research, encouraging the development of new topics. This study can be expanded by incorporating additional scientific databases to reduce potential biases, validate trends, and enhance the study’s information coverage.