Childhood trauma can have a significant impact on our thoughts and behaviors and can adversely and insidiously impact the developing brain. The chapter outlines the effects of childhood trauma on the brain, including structural, physiological, neuroendocrinological, and functional impacts. The chapter uses Dina’s personal story to assist readers through the common clinical presentations and diagnostic challenges, as well as a framework for comprehensive assessment including routinely used measures and investigations. The approach to management using pharmacological and psychological treatments is detailed including patient psychoeducation of underlying neuropsychiatric changes and generally recommended psychotherapeutic interventions for childhood trauma.