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In recent years, it has been found that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is not merely an anatomical issue, but that factors, including arousal threshold, unstable breathing control, and poor upper airway recruitment, contribute to its pathogenesis. However, so far, among these traits, muscle hypotonia has remained underestimated. Our objective is to highlight the relevance of the hypotonic phenotype of OSA because its finding may result in an improvement in selecting the best candidates for myofunctional therapy and to avoid ineffective treatment by other tools in those hypotonic cases.

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OSA Pathogenesis—The Hypotonic Phenotype

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Guillermo Plaza,
  • Andrés Navarro,
  • Gabriela Bosco,
  • Peter M. Baptista,
  • Carlos O’Connor Reina

摘要

In recent years, it has been found that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is not merely an anatomical issue, but that factors, including arousal threshold, unstable breathing control, and poor upper airway recruitment, contribute to its pathogenesis. However, so far, among these traits, muscle hypotonia has remained underestimated. Our objective is to highlight the relevance of the hypotonic phenotype of OSA because its finding may result in an improvement in selecting the best candidates for myofunctional therapy and to avoid ineffective treatment by other tools in those hypotonic cases.