The chapter “Nietzsche’s critique of morality” examines how Nietzsche’s ethical standpoint forms thebasis for his critique of morality, developed through three stages. The first section addresses the problem of scope, an issue precisely formulated by contemporary interpreters, notably Brian Leiter. It presents Leiter’s account and establishes the criterion that distinguishes Nietzsche’s position from the object of his criticism, while also identifying the limitations of Leiter’s proposed solution. Building on insights from Nietzsche’s ethical standpoint, the chapter situates the position of Nietzsche’s critique in relation to the ideal of the affirmation of life. From this perspective, the target of Nietzsche’s critique is defined as whatever obstructs the realization of that ideal. Leiter’s distinction between the descriptive and normative components of morality, understood as the objects of Nietzsche’s critique, underpins the analysis of Nietzsche’s critique of moralism and paternalistic moralities. The chapter concludes that Nietzsche rejects descriptive features of morality when they lead to moralism, and normative features when theylead to paternalism.