The work is devoted to assessing the possibility of taking into account the carbonate content of rocks in the framework of solving the problems of oil field development, in particular, increasing the efficiency of hydrochloric acid treatments. This type of impact is widespread within the deposits of the Ural-Volga region and is characterized by ambiguous effectiveness, especially in the low-yielding carbonate reservoirs of the South Tatar arch, which are a significant reserve for expanding the resource base of the region. Using the available data, the procedure for dividing wells into groups based on the effectiveness of injection of hydrochloric acid compositions was carried out. As part of the modeling, the results were interpreted using the principal component method, which made it possible to identify hidden patterns of change and establish the prevailing influence of the mineralogical composition of rocks on the depth of penetration of the composition into the reservoir, the rate of deposition and neutralization of acid in the borehole-bottomhole formation zone system. According to the simulation results, there is a close relationship between the thickness of the formation and the carbonate content of rocks, which must be taken into account when designing the hydrochloric acid effect.