Scholarlink

Human health and general quality of life are greatly impacted by drinking water quality. With increasing reliance on groundwater due to declining surface water resources and rising population density, contamination by toxic elements such as arsenic and fluoride has become a critical global issue. This chapter explores the sources, toxicity levels, and regulatory limits of arsenic and fluoride in groundwater. Arsenic, found in over 200 mineral types, and fluoride, primarily from geogenic sources, pose severe health risks in elevated concentrations. Prolonged exposure to arsenic can lead to cardiovascular diseases and various cancers, while high fluoride levels cause dental and skeletal fluorosis. The chapter reviews Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) methodologies to evaluate contamination levels, risk factors, and socioeconomic implications. It also examines remediation technologies for effectively removing these contaminants, aiming to mitigate their adverse effects on human health and the environment.

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Arsenic and Fluoride Contamination and Remediation

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

查看全文
  • Hamza Mohamed Flafel,
  • Mohd Rafatullah,
  • Japareng Lalung,
  • Abduanaser AAli Ezhani,
  • Naseem Akhtar

摘要

Human health and general quality of life are greatly impacted by drinking water quality. With increasing reliance on groundwater due to declining surface water resources and rising population density, contamination by toxic elements such as arsenic and fluoride has become a critical global issue. This chapter explores the sources, toxicity levels, and regulatory limits of arsenic and fluoride in groundwater. Arsenic, found in over 200 mineral types, and fluoride, primarily from geogenic sources, pose severe health risks in elevated concentrations. Prolonged exposure to arsenic can lead to cardiovascular diseases and various cancers, while high fluoride levels cause dental and skeletal fluorosis. The chapter reviews Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) methodologies to evaluate contamination levels, risk factors, and socioeconomic implications. It also examines remediation technologies for effectively removing these contaminants, aiming to mitigate their adverse effects on human health and the environment.