Life Cycle Analysis as a Tool for the Evaluation of the Environmental Impact of a Coffee Residual Mixture Biorefinery
摘要
Life cycle analysis (LCA) (using the Ecoinvent 3.2 database, the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint H method, and OpenLCA 2.0 software) can be used as a possible tool to determine the environmental impact of a coffee residual mixture biorefinery. Five scenarios were defined, which represented the products obtained from the biorefinery; in scenario (Sc) 1, the products were polyphenols and lignin, Sc2 a mixture of sugars, Sc3 a crude enzymatic extract, Sc4 another crude enzymatic extract, and Sc5 a mixture of sugars. It was observed that Sc4, defined as the integrated scenario since it was formed from stages from other scenarios, had the lowest environmental impact. At the same time, Sc1, 2, and 5 had the highest environmental impact due to the use of energy, synthesis of reagents, and chemical residual generated. It was observed that the LCA provides valuable information for decision-making on the environmental impact of processes involving the valorization of lignocellulosic residual, such as the mixing of coffee residual study.