This chapter includes a historical account and an analysis of the legal framework on the management and conservation of wildlife. It also describes the need to regulate rational access to natural resources and promote cooperation and co-responsibility by the federal government of Mexico. The evolution of the first program to address endangered, threatened, and specially protected species is described. This led to the formation of the National Technical Advisory Committee for the Recovery of Priority Species, comprising various stakeholders and coordinated by the federal government. Several species committees and species groups were also integrated, with the participation of experts and actors from the public and private sectors. The operational approach of the projects featured the design of strategies with a prioritization diagnosis. This included the identification of problems, management context, and the ecological and socioeconomic importance of the species. The committees were created as liaison, advisory, and consultation groups to provide technical–scientific elements. They also supported the implementation of actions at the national level, employing solid principles of management aimed at halting the deterioration of species and their habitats.