Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) allow existing physical systems to be controlled as a functional computing system and fully reorganize not only the entire industry but the whole ecosystem. Such systems are crucial for today’s industries, including healthcare, transport, manufacturing, energy, agriculture, and critical infrastructure. Using new algorithms, feedback loops and global networks, CPS improve efficiency, accuracy and automation of a wide range of functions. Meanwhile, the increasing market penetration of CPS also creates security issues that, if ignored, can affect safety, privacy, and trust in the system. This chapter is an attempt to provide an in-depth examination of the problems related to the conundrum of CPS security. It focuses on six aspects: in-depth analysis of CPS context and its core features, context analysis of the changing risks affecting these systems, pinpointing the weaknesses that are built in the design of CPS, preparedness discussions concerning how to manage the risks, and finally about how to reduce them. In addition, the paper looks at modern measures used to protect CPS from terrorists and harmful actions such as: AI, blockchain technology, and secure communication methods. Finally, it discusses the relevant cyber law, policies, and any ethical issues encompassing CPS security together with the need of world cooperation in such issues. By means of this multifaceted analysis, this study seeks to tackle the problem of developing creative, inter-disciplinary approaches aimed at enhancing the security, safety, and dependability of CPS in an automated and integrated world.