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The most common type of connections in fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) structures involve bolting. However, comprehensive data in the literature on the mechanical behavior of bolted connections is relatively limited when considering (i) the variability of the mechanical properties of composite materials (which can differ based on constituent materials, fibre architectures and manufacturing methods), (ii) measurements of geometrical parameters of specimens (particularly those used in resistance models) and (iii) failure loads of individual specimens (rather than mean values). This lack of detailed data hinders the ability to perform reliability analyses, which are essential for deriving partial safety factors for resistance models. To accurately assess the uncertainties of these models, a robust and validated database of results is needed, which can only be obtained through comprehensive experimental campaigns. In the context of the recent development of the European Technical Specification CEN/TS19101:2022 (“Design of Fibre-Polymer Composite Structures”), to address this gap, this paper presents an experimental study on the bearing failure behavior of single-bolt double-lap connections between glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates. GFRP laminates composed of E-glass fibres and polyester or vinylester resins were used, manufactured by (i) pultrusion (5 different laminates with thicknesses of 3.18, 6, 8, 10 and 13 mm) or (ii) Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM, 1 laminate with thickness of 6.5 mm). The lap joint specimens were loaded monotonically in both longitudinal and transverse directions until failure. Comprehensive mechanical characterisation tests were performed in accordance with standard procedures, including pin-bearing tests. A comparative analysis was conducted between CEN/TS19101:2022 and the American ASCE/SEI 74–23 Standard equations. The results indicated that the bearing resistance design formulae of CEN/TS 19101:2022 has limited accuracy in predicting the first peak load, requiring a calibration coefficient. In contrast, the ASCE/SEI 74–23 design equation provided relatively accurate predictions of the first peak load.

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Bearing Failure of Single-Bolt GFRP Double-Lap Connections: Experimental Study and Assessment of Resistance Formulae

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Carlos A. Seruti,
  • João P. Nobre,
  • André D. Martins,
  • José Gonilha,
  • João Ramôa Correia,
  • Nuno Silvestre

摘要

The most common type of connections in fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) structures involve bolting. However, comprehensive data in the literature on the mechanical behavior of bolted connections is relatively limited when considering (i) the variability of the mechanical properties of composite materials (which can differ based on constituent materials, fibre architectures and manufacturing methods), (ii) measurements of geometrical parameters of specimens (particularly those used in resistance models) and (iii) failure loads of individual specimens (rather than mean values). This lack of detailed data hinders the ability to perform reliability analyses, which are essential for deriving partial safety factors for resistance models. To accurately assess the uncertainties of these models, a robust and validated database of results is needed, which can only be obtained through comprehensive experimental campaigns. In the context of the recent development of the European Technical Specification CEN/TS19101:2022 (“Design of Fibre-Polymer Composite Structures”), to address this gap, this paper presents an experimental study on the bearing failure behavior of single-bolt double-lap connections between glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates. GFRP laminates composed of E-glass fibres and polyester or vinylester resins were used, manufactured by (i) pultrusion (5 different laminates with thicknesses of 3.18, 6, 8, 10 and 13 mm) or (ii) Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM, 1 laminate with thickness of 6.5 mm). The lap joint specimens were loaded monotonically in both longitudinal and transverse directions until failure. Comprehensive mechanical characterisation tests were performed in accordance with standard procedures, including pin-bearing tests. A comparative analysis was conducted between CEN/TS19101:2022 and the American ASCE/SEI 74–23 Standard equations. The results indicated that the bearing resistance design formulae of CEN/TS 19101:2022 has limited accuracy in predicting the first peak load, requiring a calibration coefficient. In contrast, the ASCE/SEI 74–23 design equation provided relatively accurate predictions of the first peak load.