This study presents the production of pyrolysis oils from polyethylene and polypropylene using a laboratory-scale pyrolysis system. The pyrolysis oils were produced under oxygen-free conditions at different temperatures to investigate the influence of process parameters on the chemical composition of the pyrolysis oils. Chemical characterization of the pyrolysis oils was conducted using two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The aim is to assess the potential of these oils to serve as alternatives for fossil-based petroleum and to examine their interaction with elastomer materials used in seals and hoses. To evaluate material compatibility, sorption experiments were carried out using nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Additionally, hardness measurements were performed to assess changes of mechanical properties in NBR after exposure to the pyrolysis oils. These investigations provide initial insights into the diffusion and interaction behaviour of pyrolysis oils in NBR and contribute to the scientific evaluation of pyrolysis oil products as a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum.