From Soul to Science: The Evolution of Psychedelics and the Future of Health, Healing, and Wellbeing in Surf Culture
摘要
This paper examines the evolving role of psychedelics in surf culture, tracing a shift from their countercultural associations in the 1960s and 70s to their contemporary medicalization and therapeutic framing. Once central to the ethos of “soul surfing” and influenced by figures such as Timothy Leary and the Brotherhood of Eternal Love, psychedelics were celebrated as tools for spiritual awakening, communal bonding, and cultural resistance. Following decades of prohibition, however, their reemergence in the 21st century has been driven largely by scientific and clinical discourses, emphasizing psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) for conditions such as depression, addiction, and trauma. Drawing on interviews, documentaries, podcasts, and media representations, I analyze how professional surfers—including Kelly Slater, Jamie Mitchell, Koa Smith, and Kohl Christensen, amongst others—publicly narrate their psychedelic use. Their accounts reflect the authority of medical and neuroscientific discourse, framing psychedelics as therapeutic and introspective, while simultaneously engaging with the cultural memory of soul surfing’s earlier spiritual and countercultural ethos. This hybrid discourse both legitimizes psychedelic use within mainstream surf culture and reshapes its meanings for a new generation. The analysis highlights broader implications of psychedelic medicalization for surfing: the normalization of a holistic form of health and wellbeing, including mental and emotional health; the turn toward collective retreat-based practices; and a reframing of drug use from escapist or abusive to purposeful and transformative. In situating surfing within the broader “psychedelic renaissance,” this paper argues that contemporary surfers are generating a new cultural synthesis—a transition from soul to science—that is both continuous with and distinct from the past.