Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping emergency and disaster medicine, particularly in managing mass casualty incidents (MCIs), where rapid and accurate decisions are crucial. This chapter explores current and emerging AI applications in MCIs, including enhanced triage, victim identification, clinical decision support, and resource optimization. AI technologies such as computer vision, machine learning, and natural language processing are being integrated into prehospital care to support early assessment, prioritize treatment, and improve survival outcomes. Advanced systems, including drone-based image analysis, wearable biosensors, and AI-driven routing algorithms, offer real-time solutions to longstanding challenges in chaotic, resource-limited environments. Projects like the EU-funded NIGHTINGALE initiative highlight ongoing efforts to integrate AI within emergency protocols, despite hurdles in data standardization, model training, and ethical compliance. This chapter also highlights the importance of prospective validation, responsible AI deployment, and cross-sector collaboration. Ultimately, AI holds transformative potential to augment responder capabilities, streamline operations, and deliver patient-centered care during MCI emergency scenarios.