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This chapter reviews the anatomy and functional properties of cartilage throughout the body. It covers cartilages such as those of the knee, hip, ankle, temporomandibular joint, spine, ear, nose, rib, trachea, growth plate, and the newly described lipocartilage. For each tissue, the chapter summarizes what is known about anatomy, biochemical composition (e.g., collagen and glycosaminoglycan content), and mechanical properties (e.g., compressive, tensile, and tribological properties). Although human data are prioritized whenever available, data from relevant animal models are included when human data are limited. Additionally, this chapter identifies areas where further characterization studies are needed. Overall, this chapter provides a consolidated overview of current cartilage characterization studies across multiple anatomical structures.

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Anatomy, Structure, and Function of Select Native Cartilages

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Rachel C. Nordberg,
  • Takumi Takahashi,
  • Jerry C. Hu,
  • Kyriacos A. Athanasiou

摘要

This chapter reviews the anatomy and functional properties of cartilage throughout the body. It covers cartilages such as those of the knee, hip, ankle, temporomandibular joint, spine, ear, nose, rib, trachea, growth plate, and the newly described lipocartilage. For each tissue, the chapter summarizes what is known about anatomy, biochemical composition (e.g., collagen and glycosaminoglycan content), and mechanical properties (e.g., compressive, tensile, and tribological properties). Although human data are prioritized whenever available, data from relevant animal models are included when human data are limited. Additionally, this chapter identifies areas where further characterization studies are needed. Overall, this chapter provides a consolidated overview of current cartilage characterization studies across multiple anatomical structures.