The spinal ligaments that connect the head to the spine and the parts of the spine are complex and important anatomical structures. They stabilize the spine and are among today’s hot topics. After a brief anatomical outline of the spinal ligaments, detailed information is given about the normal neuroradiological findings of the ligaments of the craniocervical junction (CCJ). Various lesions involving these ligaments are then discussed in detail, such as traumatic lesions, inflammatory rheumatological arthropathies involving the spine (rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis), neoplastic lesions or infections of the spine or paraspinal region, and noninflammatory degenerative conditions (ossifications of the spinal ligaments, including the alar and the posterior longitudinal ligaments, and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and facet joint arthritis). Magnetic resonance imaging using a special imaging protocol provides excellent visualization of the spinal ligaments, while plain radiography and computed tomography are useful for diagnosing traumatic, inflammatory, degenerative, infectious, or neoplastic osseous lesions in the CCJ region as causes of various neurological deficits.