This study investigates the strategic role of quality management practices (QMPs) in driving project success within Nigeria’s complex oil and gas industry. Grounded in Contingency Theory, and the Resource-Based View (RBV), the research examines how structured QMPs—such as continuous improvement, employee training, and digital monitoring—contribute to performance outcomes including cost efficiency, schedule adherence, and safety compliance. Using a quantitative, descriptive design and data from industry professionals, the findings reveal that while QMPs are positively correlated with project success, their implementation is impeded by systemic barriers such as inadequate training, leadership deficiencies, and regulatory fragmentation. The findings and recommendation of this study offers actionable insights for transforming quality management from a compliance function into a strategic capability, with implications for leadership development, policy reform, and capacity building in high-risk, resource-constrained environments. Furthermore, these findings also underline the potential of quality management systems to drive environmentally sustainable practices, enhance community engagement, and foster inclusivity through stakeholder capacity building. The study thereby contributes to the sustainable built environment discourse within high-risk, resource-constrained sectors.