This chapter sets out the argumentative framework and issues that will be addressed in the rest of the book. It clarifies what is meant by the study of the reception of Russell’s program of logical analysis of philosophy, comparing it to Friedman’s reconsideration of logical positivism and situating it in relation to studies of the reception of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment. More generally, the view promoted here differs from two widespread historiographical approaches: the orthodox view, which sees the development of analytical philosophy as a linear succession of three stages (the beginnings with Frege and Russell, the youth with the Vienna Circle, and the adulthood with Quine and its disciples), and the source-pluralist approach, which aims to show that analytical philosophy has multiple origins (the Brentanian school, British idealism, etc.).