Africa faces a unique challenge in balancing economic development with the ethical imperatives of climate change mitigation and adaptation. This paper explores the intersection of climate ethics and African development, highlighting the continent’s vulnerability to climate change despite its minimal contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions. It examines the ethical principles of justice, equity, and responsibility, emphasising the need for developed nations to support Africa’s climate resilience efforts. The paper also delves into the historical context of colonial exploitation, the role of Foreign Direct Investment, and the importance of integrating indigenous knowledge and community participation in climate action. By adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this study aims to comprehensively understand the ethical dimensions of climate change in Africa and propose sustainable and equitable development pathways.