Research is conducted across a wide rangeSocial inequality of disciplines and serves as a cornerstone for the generation and dissemination of valuable information. This chapter introduces sustainabilitySustainability research with a particular focus on addressing reduced inequalities—an essential dimension in the pursuit of a more just and equitable world. As natural ecosystems and living conditions face increasing degradation on a global scale, sustainabilitySustainability research is becoming increasingly important both nationally and internationally. This growth has accelerated particularly since the introduction of the Sustainable Development GoalsSustainable development goals (SDGs). Research aids in the creation of knowledge by meticulously converting collected information into new knowledge. The disseminated knowledge contributes to the progression of societies and fosters a deeper understanding of how we perceive the world. This, in turn, enhances overall development. This chapter emphasises the importance of research in addressing SDG 10 by focusing on social interventionSocial intervention. To highlight the relevance of research, the authors explore several targets encompassed within SDG 10, including the investigation of trends in inequalityInequality and the definition of inequalityInequality itself. This research assists in the formulation of policies relevant to vulnerable communities, thereby raising awareness and tracking progress on improvements through the allocation of resources. The authors aim to connect these targets by scrutinising the analytical tools used to address social inequalitiesSocial inequality across countries and applying intersectionalityIntersectionality as a framework.