This chapter locates the practice of dentistry in the sphere of legal medicine. It introduces the roles and activities of dental practitioners and the legal principles that inform dental practice. The area of forensic odontology as a branch of legal dentistry is introduced, and the issues relating to both legal dentistry and forensic odontology are discussed. Significant changes in the practice of Forensic Odontology over the past 10 years are discussed. Finally, a Ready Reckoner is provided to offer a summary and a direction for further study.