This chapter is dedicated to legal medicine in the Republic of Türkiye, as a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia and Thrace in the southeastern Europe. Türkiye is a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic with an ancient and historical cultural heritage. It has become increasingly integrated with the West through membership in organizations, such as the Council of Europe, NATO, OECD, and the G-20 major economies. Türkiye has also fostered close cultural, political, economic, and industrial relations with the Eastern world, particularly with the Middle East and the Turkic states of Central Asia, through membership in organizations, such as the Islamic Conference and Economic Cooperation Organization. Beyond this background information, the meaning of legal medicine in the country has been described with different dimensions. A few historical samples, especially related with early consent forms, have been given. The secular legal feature of Türkiye, in the Islamic world, has also been stressed, and its importance on legal medicine has been emphasized. A few selected examples, from local laws and regulations, have been explained in detail. Concerning this subject, Medical Deontology Regulation, the Law on Population Planning, and the Law Related with Organ and Tissue Explanting, Preserving, Grafting, and Transplanting are some, which have been covered in the main text. The last part of the chapter is dedicated to the subject of medical responsibility, and this concept has been described, and the different forms of physician’s liabilities have been mentioned.