Based on a holistic approach that acknowledges the diverse components critical for the efficient functioning of smart cities, this paper highlights the central role of citizens in fostering smart participation. It underscores the imperative for systematic and meaningful engagement of citizens across various aspects of city operations. In addition to a favorable environment, citizens’ active involvement significantly depends on their personal capacities and competencies. However, the existing literature has insufficiently addressed the necessary aspects for individuals to become well-informed and engaged participants in urban settings. This theoretical study aims to fill this gap by introducing the Smart Citizens’ Capacity Framework, an overarching structure encompassing specific competencies (a total of 14) and competency groups (4) essential for fostering smarter citizens’ participation. The list of competencies presented within the Smart Citizens’ Capacity Framework is not exhaustive or unchangeable and is primarily focused on those competencies that individuals can autonomously develop and refine. By emphasizing the significance of the capacities and competencies of smart citizens, this paper aims to encourage the enhancement of these abilities. This enhancement can benefit not only smart cities but also other urban centers and society at large.