Precision Soil Monitoring via UAV-Captured RGB Imaging and Spectral Band Regression Using Deep Learning
摘要
Accurate and timely soil monitoring is crucial for improving agricultural productivity, supporting precision farming, and ensuring food security. To replace traditional laboratory-based time-consuming, and labor-intensive soil analysis method, this study presents a comprehensive framework for real-time soil monitoring that integrates image-based soil classification and spectral data-driven soil nutrient prediction using deep learning techniques to deploy recommended system. Soil classification is performed using RGB images captured by camera mounted on UAV and analyzed through pre-trained ConvNext deep learning model with a training accuracy of 99.74% and testing accuracy of 99%. For Nutrient prediction, a Regression neural network model is used which operates on UV-VIS-NIR spectral band data. This model employs polynomial regression at the neuron level and is optimized using a custom ensemble loss function. Feature selection is enhanced using a Dual Simplex optimization method.