This chapter analyses the political narratives advanced by Global South states at the high-level segments of the COPs 26, 27, and 28, focusing specifically on the eighteen countries that submitted written statements to the ITLOS advisory proceedings on climate change. Drawing from 54 speeches delivered by heads of government and senior representatives at the COPs’ high-level statements, the chapter examines how these states framed their climate concerns in relation to development and justice claims. The analysis identifies two overarching themes: (A) Inequalities Between States and (B) Development and Sustainability. Under the first theme, countries highlighted historical injustices, the North–South divide, and the unequal burden of climate action, often invoking principles like Common But Differentiated Responsibilities. Under the second, they addressed the dual challenge of fostering economic growth while promoting sustainable development, adaptation, and resilience. By tracing how countries articulate vulnerability, solidarity, and differentiated responsibility in political arenas, the chapter offers critical insight into how these discourses inform and resonate with their legal positions in international climate litigation.