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Water, energy, and food are recognized as a new dimension in debate among the research scientists and the policy makers for a sustainable future. With the rapid increase in the global urban population, secured water, energy, and food have been a concern. Balancing these elements with an innovation in nexus thinking is crucial for managing for a secured water, energy, food. The innovation in nexus dissemination becomes complex when it comes at watershed scale because of limitation in data availability. In this research, we aim to establish an interrelationship between water, energy, and food in terms of total revenue generation in a data scarce Bagmati River Basin (BRB) in Nepal. The basin was further sub-divided as upper, middle, and lower BRB based on the topographic variation. An integrated approach of simulation models, remote sensing, and ArcGIS was used. Simulation models were used to estimate water and food supply and demand and energy supply while the remote sensing products were used for estimating the energy demand. The results show that annual water in the basin ranges from 1880 to 2170 mm which is enough to supply municipal and irrigation purpose in the basin. The energy consumption ranged from 37.57 to 154.99 kWh/capita. Further, the results show that Oct and Nov are the highest energy consumption period. Results show paddy requires 194.5 mm of water from irrigation during the nursery and late development stage of crop development while the total amount of water required for the crop development is 596.8 mm. Similarly, the water requirement for maize and wheat is found to be 502 mm and 533.1 mm respectively. With the increment in the supply of irrigation water, the crop yield increased by 83.0% for wheat and 16.3% for paddy at lower BRB. Similarly, for the upper and mid BRB, the wheat yield increased by 124.4%, and 165.8% respectively. The paddy yield increased by 81.8% and 32.6% at upper and mid BRB respectively. The revenue generated with the sale of energy is found to range from 1.4 billion to 72.5 billion NRs while with the sale of the yielded crops the revenue generation ranged from 25.8 to 45.2 billion NRs. In particular, the ability to identify the creation of cross-sectoral linkages or changes in those connections because of single sector actions was one of the benefits of a sectoral balanced, dynamic Nexus approach that was highlighted by the analysis.

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An Innovate Way to Quantify Water Energy Food Nexus at the Watershed Scale

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Anil Aryal,
  • Jun Magome,
  • Hiroshi Ishidaira,
  • Kazuyoshi Souma

摘要

Water, energy, and food are recognized as a new dimension in debate among the research scientists and the policy makers for a sustainable future. With the rapid increase in the global urban population, secured water, energy, and food have been a concern. Balancing these elements with an innovation in nexus thinking is crucial for managing for a secured water, energy, food. The innovation in nexus dissemination becomes complex when it comes at watershed scale because of limitation in data availability. In this research, we aim to establish an interrelationship between water, energy, and food in terms of total revenue generation in a data scarce Bagmati River Basin (BRB) in Nepal. The basin was further sub-divided as upper, middle, and lower BRB based on the topographic variation. An integrated approach of simulation models, remote sensing, and ArcGIS was used. Simulation models were used to estimate water and food supply and demand and energy supply while the remote sensing products were used for estimating the energy demand. The results show that annual water in the basin ranges from 1880 to 2170 mm which is enough to supply municipal and irrigation purpose in the basin. The energy consumption ranged from 37.57 to 154.99 kWh/capita. Further, the results show that Oct and Nov are the highest energy consumption period. Results show paddy requires 194.5 mm of water from irrigation during the nursery and late development stage of crop development while the total amount of water required for the crop development is 596.8 mm. Similarly, the water requirement for maize and wheat is found to be 502 mm and 533.1 mm respectively. With the increment in the supply of irrigation water, the crop yield increased by 83.0% for wheat and 16.3% for paddy at lower BRB. Similarly, for the upper and mid BRB, the wheat yield increased by 124.4%, and 165.8% respectively. The paddy yield increased by 81.8% and 32.6% at upper and mid BRB respectively. The revenue generated with the sale of energy is found to range from 1.4 billion to 72.5 billion NRs while with the sale of the yielded crops the revenue generation ranged from 25.8 to 45.2 billion NRs. In particular, the ability to identify the creation of cross-sectoral linkages or changes in those connections because of single sector actions was one of the benefits of a sectoral balanced, dynamic Nexus approach that was highlighted by the analysis.